Keberlanjutan Agrowisata: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur Review Dengan Publish or Perish (POP) dan Vosviewer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31933/mqrvb326Keywords:
Agrowisata, Keberlanjutan, Sosial, Ekonomi, Lingkungan, KelembagaanAbstract
Agrowisata merupakan sektor strategis yang mengintegrasikan pertanian dan pariwisata. Namun, pencapaian keberlanjutan jangka panjang memerlukan keseimbangan multidimensi. Artikel ini menyintesis literatur mengenai faktor-faktor penentu keberlanjutan agrowisata yang mencakup empat pilar: ekonomi, sosial, lingkungan, dan kelembagaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah *Systematic Literature Review* (SLR) disertai analisis bibliometrik menggunakan perangkat lunak Publish or Perish (PoP) dan VOSviewer terhadap 200 artikel yang diterbitkan antara tahun 2006 dan 2026. Temuan tinjauan menunjukkan adanya pergeseran dari dominasi awal motif keuntungan ekonomi menuju tata kelola kelembagaan dan ketahanan ekologis di era modern. Analisis visual menggunakan VOSviewer mengungkapkan terbentuknya empat klaster yang saling terkait, dengan aspek kelembagaan berperan sebagai jangkar bagi dimensi-dimensi lainnya. Penelitian mengenai agrowisata telah berkembang melampaui orientasi ekonomi tradisional pada periode 2006–2015—yang awalnya hanya berfokus pada diversifikasi pendapatan petani dan kewirausahaan, seperti di Italia, Amerika Serikat, dan Spanyol. Pada periode 2016–2026, penelitian beralih pada penguatan dimensi sosial melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat (pariwisata berbasis masyarakat atau *Community-Based Tourism*), sementara isu lingkungan global mendorong lahirnya paradigma baru yang berpusat pada ketahanan lanskap, adaptasi perubahan iklim, dan praktik pertanian berkelanjutan, sebagaimana terlihat di Indonesia, Malaysia, dan Tiongkok. Kesimpulan penelitian menekankan pentingnya sinergi antara regulasi pemerintah dan partisipasi aktif masyarakat lokal demi menjamin keberlanjutan agrowisata yang adaptif terhadap perubahan iklim dan transformasi digital.
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